Emblicanin-A Inhibits Cell Growth in Human Prostate Cancer Cells (PC-3) By Modulating Apoptotic Signaling Molecules

Life Sciences-Phytotherapeutics for Better Cancer Therapy

Abstract

Cancer is a one of the leading causes of death in the world, continue to be worldwide dreadful disease. Prostate cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in men. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) is a major problem with the current treatment options. It is now widely believed that many herbal dietary products are available as chemo-preventive agents against commonly occurring cancer types such as prostate cancer. Emblicanin-A, a hydrolyzable tannins has been isolated from the fruit of Emblicaofficinalis. The present study was aimedto find out whether emblicanin-A can inhibit growth of the prostate cancer cells (PC-3) through the regulation of apoptotic signaling mechanisms. Hence, PC-3 cells were treated with different concentrations of emblicanin-A (10, 25, 50, 100 and 150μM) for the analysis of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Tumor suppressor protein (p53), Caspase-3 and caspase-9 mRNA expression in PC-3 cells. Cell viability was done using MTT in order to find the optimal dose. MTT assay exhibited that emblicanin-A showed cell death at the concentration of 100 and 150μM. It significantly (p<0.05) decreased the mRNA expression of anti apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2) while it upregulated the p53, caspase-3 and cas-9 mRNA levels effectively (p<0.05) in PC-3 cells which clearly indicates that emblicanin-A induces apoptosis in PC-3 cells by modulating intrinsic signalling mechanisms. To best of our knowledge, the present findings are the first to report anticancer activity of a bioactive compound from E.officinalis. Our study concludes that emblicanin-A may serve as a potential chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of prostate cancer. Further studies on the effect of Emblicanin-A on the protein expression of further downstream signalling mechanisms is warranted in order to ascertain its potential mechanisms action towards clinical utility.