International Journal of Life Science and Pharma Research

Blue Urine Following Diagnostic Hysterolaparoscopy: A Postoperative Dilemma

2025-11-13T03:14:07-05:00

Tubal factors contribute to approximately 25%–35% of female infertility, with laparoscopic chromopertubation recognized as the gold standard for evaluating tubal patency. Methylene blue is commonly used during diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy to visualize tubal flow. Although generally safe, systemic absorption followed by urinary excretion may occasionally be mistaken for a postoperative complication. Here we review a case where methylene blue appeared in urine about five hours post-procedure, prompting concerns about dye absorption and emphasizing the need to understand its pharmacokinetics and normal excretory patterns.

Applications of Nanocarriers in Skin Cancer Treatment- A Review

2026-01-07T13:47:26-05:00

Cancer is a fatal disease that can affect people of any age or gender. Humanity is greatly concerned about it since it is one of the main causes of death worldwide. In the upcoming years, it is anticipated that millions of cases of skin cancer would arise. It was predicted that melanoma will result in new cases and vast number of deaths overall. Skin cancer is among the most deadly forms of cancer, and both its mortality and morbidity rates continue to rise steadily. Chemotherapy is currently one of the most promising options, but it has a number of disadvantages. Skin cancer has become a significant worldwide health problem due to its increasing prevalence among Caucasian populations. Three primary types of skin cancer have been identified: melanoma, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Thanks to nanotechnology, which has benefits including more accurate drug delivery, enhanced imaging, and better diagnostic methods, there are now additional treatment choices for skin cancer. Its primary role in this field lies in developing nanocarriers that enable the targeted and efficient transport of therapeutic agents. The primary use of nanotechnology in the treatment of skin cancer is the development of nanocarriers that enable accurate drug delivery. Liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, gold nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, quantum dots, and others are examples of nanocarriers. Nanomedicine is crucial in the treatment of skin cancer because of its strong anti-carcinogenic qualities and ability to deliver drugs straight to the sites of tumors, improving therapeutic results, reducing toxicity, and slowing tumor growth. Although nanotechnology shows great promise, many of its treatments remain under research and development. Before being used widely in clinical settings, more research is required to maximize safety and effectiveness.

Assessment of anti arthritic properties of selected compounds targeting inflammatory pathways

2025-11-16T20:27:48-05:00

Arthritis is a highly prevalent global condition that encompasses many subtypes. Chiefly osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis occurrence and risk is strongly influenced by age, sex, genetics and environment. Arthritis epidemiology is characterized by high prevalence, particularly in older adults and women and increasing trends worldwide, driven by aging and modifiable risk factors. Improvements in treatment with conventional drugs have led to reduced mortality but an increased number living with disability. Conventional DMARD’s drugs target arthritis to reduce inflammation, prevent joint damage but they are now seldom used due to their adverse effect. Anti-inflammatory diets rich in omega 3- fatty acids, fruits, vegetables and whole grains appear to lessen symptoms and improve function. The present study was designed to investigate the anti-arthritic activity of selected compounds-Hydroxychloroquine, Gond (Tragacanth gum), Cocoa, and Calcium using in vitro models. The selected compounds were authenticated and subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening. The in vitro anti-arthritic activity was evaluated using protein denaturation inhibition and Human Red Blood Cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization assays. Diclofenac sodium was used as the standard reference drug. All tested compounds showed statistically significant (p<0.001) inhibition of protein denaturation and protection of HRBC membranes. Gond showed the highest inhibition of protein denaturation (85.71% at 1000 µg/ml), followed by HCQ, Calcium, and Cocoa. In membrane stabilization, HCQ showed maximum protection (89.47%), followed by Gond, Cocoa, and Calcium. The study concludes that the selected compounds exhibit promising anti-arthritic activity in vitro. Gond and HCQ demonstrated superior effects, indicating their potential as effective agents for arthritis management.

Ameliorative Effect of Lagenaria siceraria on Cisplatin-Induced Kidney Injury in Wistar Rats

2026-01-07T13:41:39-05:00

The objective of the present study was conducted to investigate the nephroprotective activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Lagenaria siceraria against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in Albino Wistar rats. Cisplatin (6mg/kg.bw.t, i.p.) used as nephrotoxicant. The oral administration of hydroalcoholic extract at two different doses (200mg/kg.bw.t and 400mg/kgb.w.t) of Lagenaria siceraria were used to examine the Nephroprotection using Urinary and serum biomarkers, as well as renal oxidative stress biomarkers, histological and immunohistological studies. Enhanced levels of Urinary, serum biomarkers, total protein and lipid peroxidation and decreased urinary creatinine and anti-oxidant enzymes observed after cisplatin induction. Treatment with Hydroalcoholic extract alters the Cisplatin induced nephrotoxic effects. Histopathological studies and immunohistochemical observations provided evidence consistent with the biochemical findings. Thus, the current study reveals the advantageous use of Lagenaria siceraria in renal toxicity.

Antibacterial Potential of Rhinacanthus Nasutus (L.) Kurz Leaf Extract against Pathogenic Bacteria

2026-01-07T14:07:52-05:00

The in vitro antibacterial activity of Rhinacanthus nasutus leaf was investigated against various strains of bacteria Bacilus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus (Gram positive) and Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Klebsiella oxytoca, Proteus Mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens (Gram Negative) by disc diffusion method. Among the various solvent extracts tested methanol leaf extract showed greater inhibitions against Enterococcus faecalis (9.3 mm), Escherichia coli (8.3 mm), and Bacilus cereus (8.0 mm). Petroleum ether and acetone extracts also demonstrated moderate antibacterial activities, while chloroform and ethanol extracts showed relatively weaker inhibition. The prominent inhibitory effect of methanol extract can be attributed to the presence of phytochemicals such as flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and naphthoquinone derivatives like Rhinacanthin. In vivo evaluations are essential to isolate the key active constituents and validate their efficacy against resistant pathogens.

Mitigating Allelopathic Stress in Rice through Seed Treatments, Temperature Management, and Weed Control Strategies.

2026-01-07T14:37:07-05:00

Rice is a global staple that requires good germination, temperature regulation, and effective weed control to promote growth, productivity, and food security. This study looked at the impact of seed treatments, temperature regimes, and post-emergence herbicides on rice (Oryza sativa L.) germination, growth, and yield. Seeds were treated with hardening, CaCl₂, NaCl, and KNO₃ and tested for germination rate, mean germination time (MGT), germination index (GI), and energy of germination. Total phenolic content (TPC) and chlorophyll levels were measured, and growth parameters were recorded at temperatures ranging from 30 to 50°C. Hardening and CaCl₂ greatly increased germination and vigor, with 35°C being ideal for seedling growth. Field testing demonstrated that bispyribac sodium offered over 90% weed control, resulting in increased plant height, panicle length, and yield. The combination of seed hardening, temperature optimization, and herbicide use increased rice establishment and productivity.