Antibacterial Potential of Rhinacanthus Nasutus (L.) Kurz Leaf Extract against Pathogenic Bacteria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22376/ijlpr.v15i4.2016Keywords:
Rhinacanthus nasutus, antibacterial activity, disc diffusion assay, methanol extract, Inhibition zone, Bacterial pathogenAbstract
The in vitro antibacterial activity of Rhinacanthus nasutus leaf was investigated against various strains of bacteria Bacilus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus (Gram positive) and Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Klebsiella oxytoca, Proteus Mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens (Gram Negative) by disc diffusion method. Among the various solvent extracts tested methanol leaf extract showed greater inhibitions against Enterococcus faecalis (9.3 mm), Escherichia coli (8.3 mm), and Bacilus cereus (8.0 mm). Petroleum ether and acetone extracts also demonstrated moderate antibacterial activities, while chloroform and ethanol extracts showed relatively weaker inhibition. The prominent inhibitory effect of methanol extract can be attributed to the presence of phytochemicals such as flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and naphthoquinone derivatives like Rhinacanthin. In vivo evaluations are essential to isolate the key active constituents and validate their efficacy against resistant pathogens.
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