Assessment of anti arthritic properties of selected compounds targeting inflammatory pathways
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22376/ijlpr.v15i4.2011Keywords:
Anti-arthritic activity, protein denaturation, membrane stabilization, Rheumatoid arthritis, Hydroxychloroquine, cocoa, Gond, calciumAbstract
Arthritis is a highly prevalent global condition that encompasses many subtypes. Chiefly osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis occurrence and risk is strongly influenced by age, sex, genetics and environment. Arthritis epidemiology is characterized by high prevalence, particularly in older adults and women and increasing trends worldwide, driven by aging and modifiable risk factors. Improvements in treatment with conventional drugs have led to reduced mortality but an increased number living with disability. Conventional DMARD’s drugs target arthritis to reduce inflammation, prevent joint damage but they are now seldom used due to their adverse effect. Anti-inflammatory diets rich in omega 3- fatty acids, fruits, vegetables and whole grains appear to lessen symptoms and improve function. The present study was designed to investigate the anti-arthritic activity of selected compounds-Hydroxychloroquine, Gond (Tragacanth gum), Cocoa, and Calcium using in vitro models. The selected compounds were authenticated and subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening. The in vitro anti-arthritic activity was evaluated using protein denaturation inhibition and Human Red Blood Cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization assays. Diclofenac sodium was used as the standard reference drug. All tested compounds showed statistically significant (p<0.001) inhibition of protein denaturation and protection of HRBC membranes. Gond showed the highest inhibition of protein denaturation (85.71% at 1000 µg/ml), followed by HCQ, Calcium, and Cocoa. In membrane stabilization, HCQ showed maximum protection (89.47%), followed by Gond, Cocoa, and Calcium. The study concludes that the selected compounds exhibit promising anti-arthritic activity in vitro. Gond and HCQ demonstrated superior effects, indicating their potential as effective agents for arthritis management.
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